Table 3. Gas chromatographic characterization of fatty acids in milk fat adulterated with vegetable oils (g/100g)
| Fatty acid | Type | MK1) | MK:VG12) | MK:VG23) |
|
| 100 | 90:10 | 70:30 | 50:50 | 30:70 | 10:90 | 90:10 | 70:30 | 50:50 | 30:70 | 10:90 |
| C4:0 | Saturated | 0.00±0.004) | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C6:0 | Saturated | 1.62±0.00 | 1.08±0.00 | 0.80±0.00 | 0.41±0.01 | 0.17±0.00 | 0.05±0.01 | 0.58±0.00 | 0.89±0.00 | 0.65±0.01 | 0.21±0.01 | 0.06±0.01 |
| C8:0 | Saturated | 0.98±0.00 | 0.96±0.00 | 0.72±0.01 | 0.30±0.00 | 0.11±0.01 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.79±0.01 | 0.65±0.00 | 0.54±0.00 | 0.14±0.00 | 0.06±0.01 |
| C10:0 | Saturated | 2.18±0.00 | 2.01±0.01 | 1.59±0.00 | 0.60±0.00 | 0.23±0.01 | 0.08±0.00 | 2.07±0.01 | 1.36±0.00 | 1.20±0.00 | 0.27±0.00 | 0.10±0.00 |
| C11:0 | Saturated | 0.03±0.00 | 0.35±0.00 | 0.27±0.00 | 0.09±0.00 | 0.03±0.01 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.27±0.00 | 0.19±0.00 | 0.18±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.02±0.01 |
| C12:0 | Saturated | 3.72±0.00 | 3.22±0.03 | 2.59±0.00 | 1.03±0.00 | 0.37±0.01 | 0.12±0.01 | 3.48±0.00 | 2.17±0.00 | 1.99±0.02 | 0.43±0.01 | 0.16±0.00 |
| C13:0 | Saturated | 0.06±0.00 | 0.12±0.00 | 0.10±0.00 | 0.05±0.01 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.07±0.01 | 0.07±0.00 | 0.06±0.00 | 0.01±0.01 | 0.01±0.01 |
| C14:0 | Saturated | 10.50±0.01 | 9.16±0.00 | 7.44±0.00 | 3.03±0.01 | 1.12±0.00 | 0.43±0.01 | 9.94±0.00 | 6.23±0.00 | 5.65±0.00 | 1.25±0.00 | 0.49±0.00 |
| C14:1 | Unsaturated | 0.80±0.01 | 0.90±0.02 | 0.72±0.00 | 0.16±0.01 | 0.05±0.00 | 0.02±0.01 | 0.73±0.01 | 0.57±0.01 | 0.38±0.00 | 0.06±0.00 | 0.02±0.00 |
| C15:0 | Saturated | 0.75±0.03 | 0.60±0.00 | 0.46±0.01 | 0.46±0.01 | 0.17±0.02 | 0.07±0.00 | 0.85±0.03 | 0.40±0.00 | 0.52±0.00 | 0.19±0.00 | 0.08±0.01 |
| C15:1 | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.03±0.01 | 0.02±0.01 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.02±0.01 | 0.02±0.03 |
| C16:0 | Saturated | 29.41±0.01 | 25.53±0.02 | 22.69±0.00 | 15.08±0.01 | 11.80±0.03 | 10.68±0.01 | 27.05±0.00 | 21.48±0.01 | 20.56±0.00 | 13.50±0.01 | 12.23±0.00 |
| C16:1 | Unsaturated | 1.14±0.00 | 1.03±0.01 | 0.82±0.00 | 0.38±0.01 | 0.20±0.01 | 0.13±0.00 | 1.15±0.00 | 0.70±0.00 | 0.68±0.00 | 0.23±0.01 | 0.15±0.00 |
| C17:0 | Saturated | 0.45±0.00 | 0.55±0.00 | 0.46±0.00 | 0.24±0.00 | 0.14±0.01 | 0.10±0.00 | 0.56±0.00 | 0.37±0.00 | 0.28±0.00 | 0.13±0.01 | 0.10±0.01 |
| C17:1 | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.17±0.01 | 0.16±0.00 | 0.09±0.00 | 0.06±0.00 | 0.06±0.01 | 0.21±0.00 | 0.13±0.03 | 0.19±0.01 | 0.06±0.00 | 0.06±0.00 |
| C18:0 | Saturated | 14.29±0.00 | 11.44±0.01 | 10.13±0.00 | 6.52±0.01 | 4.97±0.01 | 4.38±0.00 | 12.02±0.00 | 8.16±0.00 | 7.33±0.00 | 3.26±0.00 | 2.49±0.00 |
| C18:1n9t | Unsaturated | 2.21±0.01 | 2.61±0.00 | 1.96±0.01 | 0.82±0.02 | 0.28±0.03 | 0.13±0.01 | 2.84±0.00 | 1.65±0.01 | 1.45±0.00 | 0.36±0.00 | 0.13±0.00 |
| C18:1n9c | Unsaturated | 24.13±0.05 | 24.66±0.01 | 24.87±0.01 | 25.73±0.03 | 26.75±0.00 | 26.99±0.01 | 25.66±0.00 | 26.50±0.00 | 26.96±0.00 | 30.15±0.01 | 30.98±0.03 |
| C18:2n6t | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C18:2(c,t) | Unsaturated | 0.28±0.00 | 0.38±0.00 | 0.34±0.01 | 0.38±0.00 | 0.37±0.00 | 0.38±0.01 | 0.31±0.00 | 0.26±0.01 | 0.26±0.01 | 0.21±0.01 | 0.20±0.00 |
| C18:2(t,c) | Unsaturated | 0.15±0.00 | 0.12±0.01 | 0.21±0.00 | 0.31±0.00 | 0.31±0.00 | 0.33±0.00 | 0.08±0.01 | 0.11±0.03 | 0.13±0.00 | 0.15±0.01 | 0.15±0.01 |
| C18:2n6c | Unsaturated | 2.12±0.00 | 12.22±0.01 | 20.17±0.01 | 37.58±0.00 | 45.84±0.00 | 48.84±0.01 | 9.65±0.00 | 25.79±0.01 | 28.57±0.00 | 47.05±0.00 | 50.36±0.00 |
| C20:0 | Saturated | 0.19±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 | 0.19±0.00 | 0.11±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C18:3 (t,t,t) | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.30±0.00 | 0.30±0.00 | 0.34±0.00 | 0.37±0.00 | 0.39±0.01 | 0.27±0.00 | 0.58±0.00 | 0.34±0.00 | 0.45±0.00 | 0.47±0.01 |
| C18:3(t,t,c),( t,c,t) | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.05±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.05±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.07±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C18:3n6 | Unsaturated | 0.05±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C18:3(c,t,t),(c,c,t) | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.14±0.00 | 0.22±0.00 | 0.40±0.00 | 0.48±0.00 | 0.52±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.06±0.00 | 0.05±0.00 |
| C18:3(c,t,c) | Unsaturated | 0.15±0.01 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.15±0.03 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 |
| C18:3(t,c,c) | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.17±0.01 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.23±0.00 | 0.17±0.00 | 0.18±0.00 | 0.16±0.01 | 0.06±0.01 | 0.12±0.00 | 0.10±0.00 | 0.09±0.00 |
| C20:1 | Saturated | 0.05±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.22±0.00 | 0.45±0.00 | 0.44±0.01 | 0.11±0.03 | 0.10±0.00 | 0.06±0.00 | 0.18±0.00 | 0.22±0.01 | 0.24±0.01 |
| C18:3n3 | Unsaturated | 0.22±0.00 | 1.44±0.01 | 2.24±0.00 | 4.12±0.01 | 4.88±0.01 | 5.24±0.00 | 0.43±0.01 | 0.66±0.00 | 0.73±0.01 | 1.03±0.00 | 0.97±0.00 |
| C21:0 | Saturated | 0.03±0.00 | 0.42±0.03 | 0.30±0.01 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 | 0.42±0.03 | 0.25±0.01 | 0.23±0.00 | 0.01±0.01 | 0.03±0.00 |
| C20:2 | Unsaturated | 0.03±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.11±0.00 | 0.12±0.01 | 0.02±0.01 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.11±0.00 | 0.11±0.00 | 0.08±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.04±0.01 |
| C22:0 | Saturated | 0.07±0.00 | 0.23±0.00 | 0.21±0.01 | 0.35±0.01 | 0.38±0.00 | 0.39±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.14±0.05 | 0.15±0.00 | 0.18±0.01 | 0.15±0.01 |
| C20:3n6c | Unsaturated | 0.13±0.00 | 0.15±0.01 | 0.27±0.00 | 0.06±0.00 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.10±0.00 | 0.09±0.00 | 0.01±0.01 | 0.02±0.01 |
| C22:1n9 | Unsaturated | 0.04±0.00 | 0.15±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.08±0.03 | 0.05±0.00 | 0.06±0.01 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.05±0.01 | 0.45±0.00 | 0.09±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 |
| C20:3n3 | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.16±0.00 | 0.20±0.00 | 0.05±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.06±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 | 0.02±0.01 |
| C20:4n6 | Unsaturated | 0.17±0.00 | 0.52±0.02 | 0.09±0.00 | 0.10±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 |
| C23:0 | Saturated | 0.03±0.01 | 0.20±0.01 | 0.23±0.01 | 0.07±0.01 | 0.07±0.00 | 0.08±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.01 |
| C22:2 | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.11±0.01 | 0.04±0.01 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C24:0 | Saturated | 0.04±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.12±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C20:5n3 | Unsaturated | 0.03±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.11±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C24:1 | Unsaturated | 0.01±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C22:6n3 | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| SUM | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |