Table 4. Gas chromatographic characterization of fatty acids in milk fat adulterated with animal fats (g/100g)
| Fatty acid | Type | MK1) | MK:PL2) | MK:BT3) |
|
| 100 | 90:10 | 70:30 | 50:50 | 30:70 | 10:90 | 90:10 | 70:30 | 50:50 | 30:70 | 10:90 |
| C4:0 | Saturated | 0.00±0.004) | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C6:0 | Saturated | 1.62±0.00 | 0.73±0.00 | 0.72±0.00 | 0.63±0.01 | 0.25±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.70±0.00 | 1.02±0.00 | 0.47±0.01 | 0.42±0.00 | 0.17±0.00 |
| C8:0 | Saturated | 0.98±0.00 | 0.83±0.01 | 0.74±0.00 | 0.50±0.02 | 0.18±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.98±0.00 | 0.94±0.00 | 0.69±0.02 | 0.39±0.01 | 0.17±0.01 |
| C10:0 | Saturated | 2.18±0.00 | 2.09±0.01 | 1.82±0.00 | 1.18±0.00 | 0.42±0.00 | 0.12±0.01 | 2.50±0.00 | 2.00±0.00 | 1.86±0.01 | 0.86±0.01 | 0.30±0.00 |
| C11:0 | Saturated | 0.03±0.00 | 0.29±0.00 | 0.24±0.00 | 0.15±0.05 | 0.06±0.02 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.29±0.00 | 0.30±0.03 | 0.20±0.00 | 0.11±0.01 | 0.03±0.01 |
| C12:0 | Saturated | 3.72±0.00 | 3.50±0.00 | 3.06±0.00 | 1.99±0.01 | 0.72±0.02 | 0.25±0.00 | 4.06±0.00 | 3.34±0.00 | 3.21±0.03 | 1.62±0.00 | 0.76±0.01 |
| C13:0 | Saturated | 0.06±0.00 | 0.08±0.00 | 0.07±0.01 | 0.06±0.00 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.01±0.03 | 0.08±0.01 | 0.14±0.03 | 0.06±0.03 | 0.03±0.01 | 0.02±0.00 |
| C14:0 | Saturated | 10.50±0.01 | 10.33±0.00 | 9.15±0.00 | 6.50±0.00 | 3.20±0.01 | 2.00±0.00 | 11.44±0.00 | 9.87±0.03 | 9.51±0.00 | 5.91±0.00 | 3.92±0.00 |
| C14:1 | Unsaturated | 0.80±0.01 | 0.73±0.03 | 0.57±0.02 | 0.27±0.00 | 0.17±0.00 | 0.21±0.00 | 0.57±0.03 | 0.51±0.00 | 0.51±0.00 | 0.37±0.03 | 0.31±0.00 |
| C15:0 | Saturated | 0.75±0.03 | 0.89±0.00 | 0.83±0.00 | 0.95±0.00 | 0.22±0.01 | 0.01±0.01 | 1.85±0.00 | 1.71±0.00 | 1.67±0.01 | 1.49±0.01 | 1.39±0.03 |
| C15:1 | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C16:0 | Saturated | 29.41±0.01 | 28.96±0.05 | 28.14±0.01 | 26.34±0.03 | 24.07±0.01 | 23.12±0.01 | 29.67±0.05 | 29.53±0.01 | 27.89±0.03 | 27.55±0.01 | 26.53±0.01 |
| C16:1 | Unsaturated | 1.14±0.00 | 1.46±0.00 | 1.61±0.01 | 1.93±0.00 | 2.37±0.03 | 2.49±0.01 | 1.46±0.00 | 1.61±0.01 | 1.78±0.00 | 2.49±0.00 | 2.93±0.01 |
| C17:0 | Saturated | 0.45±0.00 | 0.51±0.01 | 0.48±0.00 | 0.54±0.03 | 0.45±0.00 | 0.41±0.00 | 0.50±0.00 | 0.60±0.00 | 0.56±0.00 | 0.90±0.00 | 1.11±0.01 |
| C17:1 | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.26±0.00 | 0.26±0.00 | 0.34±0.03 | 0.34±0.01 | 0.39±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 | 0.33±0.01 | 0.34±0.00 | 0.60±0.00 | 0.71±0.00 |
| C18:0 | Saturated | 14.29±0.00 | 13.61±0.01 | 13.05±0.03 | 12.28±0.00 | 11.28±0.00 | 11.06±0.01 | 13.30±0.00 | 13.74±0.00 | 13.34±0.01 | 15.76±0.00 | 16.79±0.00 |
| C18:1n9t | Unsaturated | 2.21±0.01 | 3.01±0.01 | 2.54±0.03 | 1.93±0.00 | 0.88±0.01 | 0.58±0.01 | 3.26±0.00 | 3.21±0.01 | 3.37±0.03 | 3.43±0.00 | 3.36±0.00 |
| C18:1n9c | Unsaturated | 24.13±0.05 | 26.91±0.00 | 29.41±0.00 | 34.61±0.05 | 41.72±0.00 | 44.50±0.00 | 24.94±0.00 | 25.40±0.00 | 28.60±0.00 | 33.70±0.01 | 37.55±0.03 |
| C18:2n6t | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C18:2(c,t) | Unsaturated | 0.28±0.00 | 0.30±0.01 | 0.27±0.01 | 0.22±0.00 | 0.15±0.01 | 0.12±0.03 | 0.31±0.01 | 0.34±0.03 | 0.32±0.00 | 0.29±0.00 | 0.28±0.01 |
| C18:2(t,c) | Unsaturated | 0.15±0.00 | 0.09±0.01 | 0.18±0.03 | 0.08±0.00 | 0.13±0.01 | 0.09±0.01 | 0.17±0.00 | 0.29±0.00 | 0.88±0.00 | 0.25±0.01 | 0.27±0.00 |
| C18:2n6c | Unsaturated | 2.12±0.00 | 3.82±0.00 | 5.11±0.01 | 7.57±0.01 | 10.92±0.00 | 12.02±0.00 | 2.15±0.00 | 2.19±0.01 | 2.42±0.00 | 2.60±0.01 | 2.81±0.01 |
| C20:0 | Saturated | 0.19±0.00 | 0.29±0.00 | 0.16±0.00 | 0.17±0.00 | 0.18±0.00 | 0.17±0.01 | 0.28±0.00 | 0.26±0.00 | 0.20±0.00 | 0.24±0.01 | 0.19±0.03 |
| C18:3 (t,t,t) | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.23±0.00 | 0.40±0.03 | 0.32±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.05±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 |
| C18:3(t,t,c),( t,c,t) | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C18:3n6 | Unsaturated | 0.05±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.06±0.01 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.11±0.03 | 0.02±0.01 | 0.05±0.00 | 0.45±0.05 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 |
| C18:3(c,t,t),(c,c,t) | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.05±0.01 | 0.04±0.01 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.05±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 |
| C18:3(c,t,c) | Unsaturated | 0.15±0.01 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.01±0.01 | 0.15±0.01 | 0.22±0.01 | 0.15±0.01 | 0.15±0.01 | 0.14±0.01 |
| C18:3(t,c,c) | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.11±0.01 | 0.17±0.01 | 0.10±0.01 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.02±0.03 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C20:1 | Saturated | 0.05±0.00 | 0.14±0.00 | 0.28±0.00 | 0.46±0.03 | 0.85±0.01 | 0.92±0.00 | 0.08±0.00 | 0.14±0.00 | 0.10±0.00 | 0.16±0.01 | 0.20±0.01 |
| C18:3n3 | Unsaturated | 0.22±0.00 | 0.40±0.01 | 0.40±0.01 | 0.49±0.01 | 0.62±0.01 | 0.66±0.03 | 0.29±0.03 | 0.37±0.00 | 0.33±0.00 | 0.36±0.01 | 0.37±0.05 |
| C21:0 | Saturated | 0.03±0.00 | 0.45±0.03 | 0.06±0.01 | 0.05±0.05 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.02±0.00 | 0.04±0.03 | 0.50±0.00 | 0.49±0.00 | 0.05±0.01 | 0.04±0.01 |
| C20:2 | Unsaturated | 0.03±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.25±0.03 | 0.34±0.05 | 0.46±0.03 | 0.47±0.03 | 0.05±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.09±0.03 | 0.03±0.01 |
| C22:0 | Saturated | 0.07±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.05±0.01 | 0.04±0.01 | 0.12±0.00 | 0.12±0.00 | 0.28±0.00 | 0.11±0.00 | 0.05±0.00 |
| C20:3n6c | Unsaturated | 0.13±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.12±0.01 | 0.10±0.01 | 0.14±0.00 | 0.16±0.00 | 0.06±0.01 | 0.07±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 |
| C22:1n9 | Unsaturated | 0.04±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.18±0.01 | 0.26±0.01 | 0.10±0.03 | 0.01±0.01 |
| C20:3n3 | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.12±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.04±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 |
| C20:4n6 | Unsaturated | 0.17±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.09±0.00 | 0.05±0.00 |
| C23:0 | Saturated | 0.03±0.01 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.06±0.03 | 0.04±0.01 |
| C22:2 | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.02±0.00 |
| C24:0 | Saturated | 0.04±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 |
| C20:5n3 | Unsaturated | 0.03±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.03±0.00 |
| C24:1 | Unsaturated | 0.01±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| C22:6n3 | Unsaturated | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 | 0.00±0.00 |
| SUM | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |