Table 2. Experimental design and benzoic acid production results

Run no.	a (℃)	b (%)	c (%)	d (%)	Max. benzoic acid (mg/kg)	Cell no. (Log CFU/mL)	pH	Incubation time (h)
1	0	−2	0	0	12.12 ± 0.02	9.37 ± 0.00	5.03	3
2	+2	0	0	0	10.95 ± 0.03	9.41 ± 0.03	4.59	6
3	0	0	−2	0	11.39 ± 0.01	9.35 ± 0.02	4.53	5
4	+1	−1	+1	−1	11.55 ± 0.03	9.31 ± 0.01	4.50	6
5	0	0	0	−2	11.23 ± 0.02	9.53 ± 0.08	5.07	13
6	+1	−1	−1	+1	11.23 ± 0.04	9.36 ± 0.02	5.12	3
7	+1	+1	−1	−1	11.86 ± 0.03	9.17 ± 0.05	4.86	4
8	−1	+1	+1	−1	11.64 ± 0.04	9.55 ± 0.01	5.05	5
9	−1	−1	+1	−1	10.82 ± 0.03	9.45 ± 0.01	4.70	6
10	−1	+1	+1	+1	12.26 ± 0.02	9.57 ± 0.02	4.74	5
11	0	0	0	0	10.51 ± 0.01	9.34 ± 0.03	4.73	4
12	0	0	0	0	10.72 ± 0.03	9.38 ± 0.02	4.77	4
13	0	0	0	0	10.71 ± 0.02	9.45 ± 0.02	4.74	4
14	−1	+1	−1	+1	12.73 ± 0.06	9.39 ± 0.01	4.70	5
15	+1	+1	−1	+1	11.94 ± 0.04	9.17 ± 0.03	5.01	3
16	0	0	0	0	10.59 ± 0.04	9.11 ± 0.03	5.02	3
17	+1	+1	+1	+1	11.99 ± 0.04	9.45 ± 0.02	4.95	3
18	−2	0	0	0	11.73 ± 0.06	9.60 ± 0.02	4.58	7
19	0	0	+2	0	11.38 ± 0.03	9.55 ± 0.02	4.88	4
20	0	+2	0	0	12.86 ± 0.01	9.47 ± 0.02	4.56	4
21	−1	+1	−1	−1	12.71 ± 0.01	9.44 ± 0.01	4.72	6
22	+1	−1	−1	−1	12.70 ± 0.03	9.40 ± 0.03	4.98	3
23	0	0	0	+2	11.88 ± 0.03	9.21 ± 0.02	4.73	4
24	+1	−1	−1	−1	11.07 ± 0.02	9.31 ± 0.01	5.13	3
25	+1	+1	+1	−1	11.29 ± 0.02	9.38 ± 0.01	5.13	3
26	−1	−1	−1	+1	12.33 ± 0.05	9.37 ± 0.01	4.94	4
27	−1	−1	+1	+1	12.19 ± 0.01	9.52 ± 0.05	4.55	6
28	−1	−1	−1	−1	11.28 ± 0.03	9.53 ± 0.03	4.62	6