Table 3. Natural preservatives from microorganisms

Examples Sources Bacterial target References
Bacteriocins
Nisin, diplococcin, acidophilin, bulgaricin, helveticin, lactacin, pediocin, and plantarin Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, etc. Gram positive bacteria Lee et al., 2013; Anastasiadou et al., 2008; Bhunia et al., 1988
Natamycin Streptomyces natalensis Molds and yeasts EFSA, 2009
Reuterin Lacotobacillus reuteri Gram-negative and -positive bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi Axelsson et al., 1989