Table 3. Clinical biochemistry data of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats orally administered fdLM for 28 days

Parameters	fdLM (mg/kg/day)
	0 mg/kg/day	750 mg/kg/day	1,500 mg/kg/day	3,000 mg/kg/day
Males
AST (IU/L)	170±4	177±35	169±5	190±25
ALT (IU/L)	31±2	33±7	31±2	39±9
ALP (IU/L)	549±90	559±76	513±187	576±199
BIL (mg/dL)	0±0	0±0	0.02±0.02	0±0.01
BUN (mg/dL)	11.9±2	13.7±1.9	12.1±1.6	13.2±2.8
CRE (mg/dL)	0.39±0.04	0.39±0.03	0.39±0.02	0.39±0.03
UA (mg/dL)	1.9±0.2	1.5±0.6	1.3±0.7	1.7±0.6
GLU (mg/dL)	130±18	146±25	146±19	143±29
CHO (mg/dL)	67±11	81±18	83±25	57±13
TG (mg/dL)	48±12	64±19	47±17	41±15
PRO (g/dL)	6±0.1	6±0.1	6±0.2	6±0.2
ALB (gdL)	2.5±0.1	2.5±0	2.5±0.1	2.5±0.1
A/G ratio	0.72±0.05	0.73±0.03	0.7±0.08	0.73±0.04
LDH (IU/L)	2,086±405	1,803±625	1,908±209	2,091±299
CPK (U/L)	1,071±168	1,038±393	1,017±123	1,105±165
Ca (mg/dL)	8.7±0.2	8.9±0.3	9±0.2	8.6±0.3
IP (mg/dL)	7.1±0.5	8±0.6	7.9±0.5	7.9±0.6
Mg (mg/dL)	1.8±0.2	1.8±0.2	2.2±0.5	1.9±0.1
Na (mmol/L)	145±0	145±2	144±1	145±1
K (mmol/L)	5.2±0.3	5.1±0.2	5.1±0.1	5±0.2
Cl (mmol/L)	103±1	102±1	102±1	103±1
Females
AST (IU/L)	113±11	130±44	142±29	146±34
ALT (IU/L)	25±1	24±5	28±4	29±4
ALP (IU/L)	307±128	303±51	354±110	377±114
BIL (mg/dL)	0.02±0.01	0.04±0.04	0.03±0.01	0.04±0.02
BUN (mg/dL)	14.7±2.3	14±2.4	13.2±5.3	12.5±3.9
CRE (mg/dL)	0.43±0.05	0.44±0.03	0.42±0.03	0.41±0.03
UA (mg/dL)	1±0.2	0.8±0.3	1.3±0.5	1.4±0.4
GLU (mg/dL)	155±18	138±22	163±27	141±11
CHO (mg/dL)	81±16	88±12	90±8	94±37
TG (mg/dL)	20±4	24±6	21±5	23±11
PRO (g/dL)	6.4±0.4	6.6±0.2	6.6±0.5	6.7±0.4
ALB (g/dL)	2.8±0.1	2.9±0.2	2.9±0.2	2.8±0.2
A/G ratio	0.8±0.03	0.79±0.05	0.77±0.06	0.74±0.02
LDH (IU/L)	1,126±206	1,395±806	1,601±584	1,464±678
CPK (U/L)	632±115	743±426	868±262	825±360
Ca (mg/dL)	9.1±0.3	8.8±0.8	9.2±0.2	9.3±0.2
IP (mg/dL)	7.7±0.6	7.1±0.5	6.6**±0.3	6.7**±0.3
Mg (mg/dL)	2.4±0.3	2±0.24	2.2±0.3	2.1±0.2
Na (mmol/L)	144±2	44±2	142±2	144±0
K (mmol/L)	4.5±0.2	4.5±0.3	4.9±0.3	4.6±0.2
Cl (mmol/L)	104±1	103±2	103±2	104±1

Each value represents the mean±SD (n=5).
Significant difference at p<0.01 levels compared to the vehicle control.
fdLM, freeze-dried powder of Locusta migratoria; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; BIL, bilirubin; ALB, albumin; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CRE, creatinine; UA, uric acid; GLU, glucose; CHO, cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; PRO, protein; ALB, albumin; A/G, albumin/globulin ratio; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CPK, creatine phosphokinase; Ca, calcium ion; IP, inorganic phosphorus; Mg, magnesium ion; Na, sodium ion; K, potassium ion; Cl, chloride ion.