Table 1. Effect of Gochujang marinade, doneness, and interaction on inhibition of 16 PAHs in charcoal-grilled pork belly on day 0

PAHs (μg/kg)	Doneness	Treatment		SEM	Significance
PAHs (μg/kg)	Doneness	PBW	PBG	SEM	T	D	T×D
Naphthalene	MC	141.89^Aa	65.94^Bb	2.724	****	****	****
	WC	142.55^Aa	111.10^Ab	2.024
	SEM	2.992	1.601
Acenaphthylene	MC	339.06^Ba	290.62^Bb	4.196	****	****	****
	WC	375.81^Ab	459.74^Aa	4.649
	SEM	3.891	4.907
Acenaphthene	MC	11.62^Aa	8.71^Bb	0.150	****	****	****
	WC	10.67^Ba	12.92^Aa	0.173
	SEM	0.116	0.197
Fluorene	MC	76.72^Ba	62.20^Bb	1.323	**	****	****
	WC	82.30^Aa	97.79^Ab	0.949
	SEM	1.174	1.129
Phenanthrene	MC	417.21^Ba	273.60^Bb	5.104	****	****	****
	WC	503.02^Aa	473.19^Ab	4.779
	SEM	5.336	4.519
Anthracene	MC	52.63^Ba	34.72^Bb	0.478	***	****	****
	WC	63.83^Aa	73.61^Ab	0.946
	SEM	0.493	0.938
Fluoranthene	MC	162.52^Ba	86.35^Bb	1.260	****	****	****
	WC	257.26^Aa	217.14^Ab	2.002
	SEM	1.199	2.039
Pyrene	MC	170.39^Ba	91.34^Bb	2.258	****	****	****
	WC	304.42^Aa	260.20^Ab	2.607
	SEM	2.149	2.697
Benzo[a]anthracene	MC	27.82^Ba	14.28^Bb	0.443	****	****	*
	WC	50.79^Aa	40.57^Ab	0.785
	SEM	0.543	0.720
Chrysene	MC	ND	ND	-	-	-	-
Chrysene	WC	ND	ND	-
Benzo[b]fluoranthene	MC	18.85^Ba	9.34^Bb	0.399	****	****	ns
	WC	35.89^Aa	27.17^Ab	0.860
	SEM	0.690	0.650
Benzo[k]fluoranthene	MC	11.66^Ba	6.02^Bb	0.260	****	****	ns
	WC	23.32^Aa	18.14^Ab	0.407
	SEM	0.356	0.326
Benzo[a]pyrene	MC	31.73^Ba	16.24^Bb	0.768	****	****	*
	WC	63.19^Aa	53.51^Ab	1.014
	SEM	0.777	1.007
Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene	MC	19.87^Ba	10.24^Bb	0.563	****	****	ns
	WC	42.13^Aa	31.21^Ab	0.612
	SEM	0.594	0.582
Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene	MC	ND	ND	-	-	-	-
Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene	WC	ND	ND	-
Benzo[ghi]perylene	MC	25.25^Ba	12.86^Bb	0.700	****	****	ns
	WC	54.26^Aa	42.61^Ab	0.956
	SEM	0.631	1.003
Total 16 PAHs	MC	1,507.22^Ba	982.45^Bb	18.931	****	****	****
	WC	2,009.45^Aa	1,918.90^Ab	18.208
	SEM	19.608	17.477
4 PAHs	MC	78.40^Ba	39.86^Bb	1.592	****	****	*
	WC	149.87^Aa	121.26^Ab	2.589
	SEM	1.958	2.325

Means within a column with different superscript differ significantly at p<0.05.
Means within a row with different superscript differ significantly at p<0.05.
p<0.05
p<0.01
p<0.001
p<0.0001.
4 PAHs, benzo[a]anthracene+chrysene+benzo[b]fluoranthene+benzo[a]pyrene.
PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; PBW, pork belly without marinade; PBG, pork belly marinated with Gochujang; T, treatment; D, doneness; T×D, treatment×doneness; MC, moderate cooking; WC, well-done cooking; ND, not detected. ns, not significant.