Table 1. Formulation of spreadable liver sausages by pressure and proteolytic enzyme treatment (unit, %)

Ingredients Control T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
Pork ham 45 45 45 45 45 45
Pork back fat 20 20 20 20 20 20
Duck skin 15 15 15 15 15 15
Duck liver 20 20 20 20 20 20
Total 100 100 100 100 100 100
NPS (salt/nitrite=99.4:0.6) 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Isolated soy protein 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9
Onion powder 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4
Pepper 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Ginger powder 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Rosemary 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Guar gum - - 0.25 - - 0.25
Protease - 0.5 0.5 - 0.5 0.5
NPS, nitrite-pickling salt.