Table 2. Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides in pork

Protein source Peptide sequence Treatment MW (Da)1) Reference
Porcine muscle (myosin) MNPPK Thermolysin 585.72) Nakashima et al. (2002)
Porcine muscle (myosin) ITTNP Thermolysin - Nakashima et al. (2002)
Porcine muscle (myosin light chain) VKKVLGNP Pepsin 854.0 Katayama et al. (2007)
Porcine muscle (troponin) KRQKYDI Pepsin 950.12) Muguruma et al. (2009)
Porcine muscle (myosin heavy chain) KRVITY Pepsin 805.97 Muguruma et al. (2009)
Porcine muscle (actin) VKAGF Pepsin 520.62 Muguruma et al. (2009)
Porcine muscle (nebulin) RPR Pepsin+pancreatin - Escudero et al. (2012)
Porcine muscle (titin) KAPVA Pepsin+pancreatin - Escudero et al. (2012)
Porcine muscle (titin) PTPVP Pepsin+pancreatin - Escudero et al. (2012)
Porcine muscle (actin) MYPGIA Pepsin+pancreatin - Escudero et al. (2010b)
Porcine muscle (GAPDH) VIPEL Pepsin+pancreatin - Escudero et al. (2010b)
Porcine longissimus dorsi muscle (actin) VFPS, LKYPI, AVF, MYPGIA In vitro gastro-intestinal digestion <3,000 Martini et al. (2019)
Porcine longissimus dorsi muscle VW, IW, VF, WL, LW, VIP, LGI, LPF, IVP, IL, LLF, WM, FIV, LR, ILP, VLP, PL, LF, IAIP, IR, IF, GLx, AV, AI, DL, NIIPA In vitro gastro-intestinal digestion <3,000 Martini et al. (2019)
Porcine ham muscle proteins GGVPGG, TKYRVP, HCNKKYRSEM Dry-cured - Gallego et al. (2019)
Porcine ham muscle proteins EL, EV, RL, EEL, ESV Dry-cured - Hao et al. (2020)
Porcine ham muscle proteins GA, VF Dry-cured - Heres et al. (2021b), Heres et al. (2022)
Molecular weight measured in Daltons (Da).
The peptide molecular weight was derived from the PubChem.