Table 2. Potential as an antidepressant of PEVs
Species
Models
Biological effects
References
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
HT-22 cells
Male C57BL/6J mice (7-weeks old)
Increase the expression of BDNF
Antidepressant-like effect
Choi et al. (2019)
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei
HT-22 cells
Male C57BL6 mice (7-weeks old)
Restored stress-induced changes of those factors
Alleviated stress induced depressive-like behavior
Kwon et al. (2023a)
PEVs, probiotics-derived extracellular vesicles; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor.